{"id":82,"date":"2025-03-26T07:45:28","date_gmt":"2025-03-26T13:45:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/revistaece.dataware.cloud\/?p=82"},"modified":"2025-08-20T10:27:13","modified_gmt":"2025-08-20T16:27:13","slug":"de-matrioshkas-a-matraces-aportaciones-de-elena-klimova-a-la-ciencia-del-ferrocino-en-mexico","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revistaece.dataware.cloud\/?p=82","title":{"rendered":"De matrioshkas a matraces: Aportaciones de Elena Klimova a la ciencia del ferrocino en M\u00e9xico"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.64121\/rece.2025v2.llg014<\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
PDF<\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Diana Laura Mata L\u00f3pez<\/strong>1<\/a><\/sup>, Erick L\u00f3pez Miranda<\/strong>2<\/a><\/sup>, David Garc\u00eda Bassoco<\/strong>3<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

En la actualidad existe un gran inter\u00e9s en el desarrollo de materiales y compuestos m\u00e1s eficientes, cuyo abanico de aplicaciones puede abordar desde el desarrollo de bater\u00edas eficientes y duraderas y hasta el tratamiento de padecimientos cr\u00f3nicos. Bajo este enfoque, la investigaci\u00f3n de compuestos como el ferroceno, es de las m\u00e1s importantes a nivel mundial dada su notable versatilidad en un amplio abanico de aplicaciones tecnol\u00f3gicas. En este campo destacan los aportes de la Dra. Elena I. Klimova\u2020<\/sup>, cuya investigaci\u00f3n cient\u00edfica contribuy\u00f3 a la consolidaci\u00f3n de la qu\u00edmica del ferroceno en M\u00e9xico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Actualmente en M\u00e9xico existen varios grupos de investigaci\u00f3n con relevancia mundial sobre la investigaci\u00f3n del ferroceno; siendo el grupo de la Dra. Klimova (1938, URSS \u2013 2024, M\u00e9xico) el de mayor trayectoria. La Dra. Klimova comenz\u00f3 su aporte a la ciencia mexicana en la d\u00e9cada de los 90\u2019s con su llegada a la H. Facultad de Qu\u00edmica de la Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico (UNAM), donde incorporada al Sistema de C\u00e1tedras Patrimoniales por el CONAHCYT desde 1996, v\u00e9ase su l\u00ednea del tiempo en la Figura 1<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Siendo una investigadora consolidada en la URRS, continu\u00f3 en M\u00e9xico desarrollando su amor por la qu\u00edmica org\u00e1nica y ense\u00f1ando a alumnos desde licenciatura hasta doctorado. La Dra. Klimova realiz\u00f3 su mayor aporte a la qu\u00edmica org\u00e1nica en el 2003, al sintetizar un nuevo compuesto precursor de mol\u00e9culas con posible actividad biol\u00f3gica, \u00e9ste ha sido utilizado ampliamente a nivel mundial en la investigaci\u00f3n de nuevos f\u00e1rmacos anticancer\u00edgenos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Figura 1. <\/strong>L\u00ednea del tiempo de la Dra. Elena I. Klimova.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

El grupo de la Dra. Klimova incursion\u00f3 en el campo farmac\u00e9utico al desarrollar m\u00faltiples compuestos enfocados en la lucha contra el c\u00e1ncer, cubriendo una gama importante de tipos como c\u00e1ncer de sangre, mama, pr\u00f3stata, cerebro y pulm\u00f3n; teniendo mejores resultados en comparaci\u00f3n con el tratamiento regular actual para estos tipos de c\u00e1ncer, el cisplatino. La Dra. Klimova, cuyo deceso ocurri\u00f3 en mayo de este a\u00f1o, fue un referente importante para la investigaci\u00f3n de ferroceno y su amor por la docencia ha inspirado a j\u00f3venes investigadores de diferentes pa\u00edses (Rusia, Afganist\u00e1n y M\u00e9xico en los que imparti\u00f3 c\u00e1tedra) a desarrollarse en la investigaci\u00f3n del ferroceno, su producci\u00f3n cient\u00edfica se resume brevemente en la Figura 2<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Figura 2. <\/strong>Principales logros profesionales de la Dra. Klimova en M\u00e9xico.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

La qu\u00edmica del ferroceno vio la luz en la d\u00e9cada de los 50\u2019s, cuando Pauson y Kealy sintetizaron esta interesante mol\u00e9cula, pieza clave para comenzar una nueva rama de la qu\u00edmica: la qu\u00edmica organomet\u00e1lica (V\u00e9ase Figura 3<\/strong>). La innovaci\u00f3n de esta mol\u00e9cula es su forma de tipo s\u00e1ndwich<\/em>, que le confiere propiedades con repercusi\u00f3n en muchas \u00e1reas, entre los que se destacan los sensores para pacientes diab\u00e9ticos, f\u00e1rmacos, pol\u00edmeros para dispositivos electr\u00f3nicos y electrolitos en bater\u00edas.              <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Entre todas las aplicaciones del ferroceno y sus derivados, la m\u00e1s interesante hasta la fecha se orienta hacia el dise\u00f1o de f\u00e1rmacos altamente eficientes, siendo la rama donde se ha estudiado con m\u00e1s profundidad, debido a que ha permitido el desarrollo de medicamentos anticancer\u00edgenos, antimal\u00e1ricos, antif\u00fangicos y desparasitantes. Incluso, algunos de estos medicamentos han sido comercializados y algunos otros se encuentran en pruebas biol\u00f3gicas con seres humanos para determinar su eficiencia, siendo la ferroquina el compuesto m\u00e1s destacado por su efecto antimal\u00e1rico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En la actualidad, la investigaci\u00f3n del ferroceno todav\u00eda no cesa debido a la cantidad de materiales y f\u00e1rmacos que son accesibles a partir del mismo, as\u00ed como la versatilidad de sus posibles aplicaciones, teniendo as\u00ed una presencia importante en las Universidades m\u00e1s importantes del mundo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Por otro lado, se encuentran diferentes patentes de ferroceno asociadas con aditivos de combustible, como Dyno-Tab, Ferrox, FPC, Oduvanchik, entre otras, que han sido lanzadas al mercado, que sirven como agentes antidetonantes en motores de combusti\u00f3n de autos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Por todo lo anterior se proyecta que, en los siguientes a\u00f1os, el estudio de compuestos derivados del ferroceno incremente, ya que son una excelente alternativa con gran repercusi\u00f3n en \u00e1reas diversas que abarcan desde el almacenamiento de energ\u00eda hasta el desarrollo de nuevos agentes farmacol\u00f3gicos, en la Figura 3 <\/strong>se pueden observar los derivados de ferroceno de mayor importancia, incluyendo la 2,3-diferrocenilciclopropenona, aportaci\u00f3n de la Dra. Klimova para la s\u00edntesis de nuevos compuestos como posibles anticancer\u00edgenos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Figura 3.<\/strong> Principales compuestos con ferroceno.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

En conclusi\u00f3n, la Dra. Klimova fue una investigadora ejemplar, reconocida y admirada tanto por sus colegas como por sus alumnos, debido a sus grandes aportaciones a la qu\u00edmica del ferroceno. Su historia de vida trasciende e inspira a otras generaciones demostrando que con tenacidad y disciplina podemos desarrollarnos en la profesi\u00f3n cient\u00edfica, siendo un pilar en la rama donde se encuentre nuestra vocaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Referencias<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n

Astruc, D. (2017)<\/strong>. Why is Ferrocene so Exceptional? European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry<\/em>, 2017(1), 6\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejic.201600983<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

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Wang, R., Chen, H., Yan, W., Zheng, M., Zhang, T., & Zhang, Y. (2020)<\/strong>. Ferrocene-containing hybrids as potential anticancer agents: Current developments, mechanisms of action and structure-activity relationships. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry<\/em>, 190<\/em>, 112109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejmech.2020.112109<\/a> Klimova, E. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

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I. Berestneva, T. K., Ramirez, L., Cinquantini, A., Corsini, M., Zanello, P., Hern\u00e1ndez-Ortega, S. & Garc\u00eda, M. M. (2003)<\/strong>, 2,3-Diferrocenylcyclopropenone: Synthesis, Structure, and Some Chemical and Electrochemical Properties. European Journal of Organic Chemistry.<\/em> 2003(21): 4265-4272. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejoc.200300318<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Informaci\u00f3n de autores <\/h2>\n\n\n
  1. Facultad de Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Circuito Escolar, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510. \u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li>
  2. Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Circuito de la Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510. \u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li>
  3. Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Circuito de la Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510. \u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Diana Laura Mata L\u00f3pez, Erick L\u00f3pez Miranda, David Garc\u00eda Bassoco En la actualidad existe un gran inter\u00e9s en el desarrollo 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