{"id":529,"date":"2025-12-16T15:04:37","date_gmt":"2025-12-16T21:04:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/revistaece.dataware.cloud\/?p=529"},"modified":"2025-12-16T15:04:37","modified_gmt":"2025-12-16T21:04:37","slug":"el-color-de-la-quimica-azul-de-metileno","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revistaece.dataware.cloud\/?p=529","title":{"rendered":"El color de la Qu\u00edmica: Azul de Metileno"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1<\/sup>Juana Su\u00e1rez-Garc\u00eda<\/strong>, 2<\/sup>Mario Valle-S\u00e1nchez<\/strong>, 3<\/sup>Erick Cuevas-Ya\u00f1ez<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.64121\/rece.2026v4.svc025 <\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
PDF<\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Los colorantes son especies qu\u00edmicas que dan color a las cosas, pero\u2026 \u00bfC\u00f3mo lo hacen? \u00bfSirven para algo m\u00e1s? \u00bfQu\u00e9 pasa si los modifico? Todo esto abre un mundo de posibilidades una vez que nos ponemos a pensar en estas preguntas, desde \u201cgenerar nuevos colores\u201d hasta \u201cacelerar procesos qu\u00edmicos\u201d ayudados por la energ\u00eda de la luz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Introducci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Los colores son una parte esencial en nuestras vidas, desde que abrimos los ojos, interactuamos con ellos, influyen en nuestro humor, apetito o gustos. Pueden ser naturales o sint\u00e9ticos, los encontramos en el cielo, las flores, cosm\u00e9ticos, telas, adornos, pinturas\u2026 En fin. Todos ellos provienen de pigmentos, colorantes y otros compuestos que reaccionan o interact\u00faan con la luz, llev\u00e1ndola a absorber o emitir los colores que logramos observar.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los colorantes<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

La humanidad ha usado pigmentos y colorantes desde el comienzo de la historia, lo podemos ver en pinturas rupestres y dem\u00e1s vestigios, mientras que en t\u00e9rminos sint\u00e9ticos son entidades relativamente nuevas (se lograron obtener a finales del siglo XIX) dando paso al desarrollo de la gran industria qu\u00edmica.(Christie, 2014) Dentro de estos \u00faltimos, hay uno que destaca por su versatilidad, hablamos del colorante azul de metileno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Azul de metileno, el colorante MULTIUSOS<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

El azul de metileno es reconocido por su uso como colorante de telas y papel. Tambi\u00e9n es requerido en la industria de alimentos, cosm\u00e9ticos y farmac\u00e9utica. Fue sintetizado por primera vez por Heinrich Caro en 1876 y empleado como un tinte a base de anilina para te\u00f1ir algod\u00f3n.(Khodaie et al., 2013) Ehrlich estudi\u00f3 la intensidad de la tinci\u00f3n de varios \u00f3rganos inyectando MB en tejido animal vivo; y tambi\u00e9n fue utilizado contra la enfermedad del paludismo y malaria a finales del siglo XIX, actualmente se emplea como auxiliar en situaciones donde el paciente presenta trastornos en los gl\u00f3bulos rojos, hipotensi\u00f3n, y la dificultad celular para captar ox\u00edgeno. El azul de metileno, un colorante muy explotable, que ha desempe\u00f1ado un papel muy importante por muchos a\u00f1os; ya que se ha empleado para te\u00f1ir desde papel y telas hasta bacterias y tejidos; permite diagnosticar ciertas infecciones; sirve como agente desinfectante para cuidar peces, desinfectar huevos, tratar heridas leves e incluso como ant\u00eddoto contra intoxicaciones por amoniaco o nitritos (embutidos mal encurtidos).(Khan et al., 2022)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 \u00bfPara hacer reacciones qu\u00edmicas?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Dentro de todos los usos que se han comentado existe una relaci\u00f3n, captar ox\u00edgeno y electrones. La naturaleza qu\u00edmica del azul de metileno es muy interesante ya que facilita la generaci\u00f3n de radicales libres, caracter\u00edstica de las reacciones fotoqu\u00edmicas o que necesitan de la luz para que sucedan. Por decirlo de una manera sencilla, el azul de metileno sirve como una antena que capta la energ\u00eda de la luz y a su vez interact\u00faa con las mol\u00e9culas de ox\u00edgeno, rompi\u00e9ndola para generar radicales de ox\u00edgeno, que son los que permiten que las reacciones puedan realizarse, a esto se le conoce como fotosensibilizador.(Zhang et al., 2018) (Figura 1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

El estudio de las reacciones fotoqu\u00edmicas ha permitido desarrollar avances muy grandes en la medicina en las terapias contra el c\u00e1ncer, que tantas p\u00e9rdidas ha causado a la humanidad, y ha permitido que se use su ejemplo con otros colorantes para desarrollar m\u00e1s herramientas de uso cotidiano en las diferentes disciplinas que tienen como base a la qu\u00edmica, sin embargo, a\u00fan existe mucho camino por recorrer y reacciones por descubrir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Palabras clave:<\/strong> Azul de metileno, fotosensibilizador, reacciones fotoqu\u00edmicas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Autores:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1<\/sup>Juana Su\u00e1rez-Garc\u00eda<\/strong>: Laboratorio de Qu\u00edmica Org\u00e1nica, Centro Conjunto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Qu\u00edmica Sustentable. suarezgar28@gmail.com<\/a>,  https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8504-8455<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2<\/sup>Mario Valle-S\u00e1nchez<\/strong>: Laboratorio de Qu\u00edmica Org\u00e1nica, Centro Conjunto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Qu\u00edmica Sustentable. mvs9018@gmail.com<\/a>,  https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7415-203X<\/a>.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

3<\/sup>Erick Cuevas-Ya\u00f1ez<\/strong>: Laboratorio de Qu\u00edmica Org\u00e1nica, Centro Conjunto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Qu\u00edmica Sustentable. ecuevasy@uaemex.mx<\/a>,  https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9437-637X<\/a>.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Referencias<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Christie, R. (2014). Colour Chemistry<\/em>. The Royal Society of Chemistry. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/9781782626510<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khan, I., Saeed, K., Zekker, I., Zhang, B., Hendi, A. H., Ahmad, A., Ahmad, S., Zada, N., Ahmad, H., Shah, L. A., Shah, T., & Khan, I. (2022). Review on Methylene Blue: Its Properties, Uses, Toxicity and Photodegradation. In Water<\/em> (Vol. 14, Issue 2). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/w14020242<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khodaie, M., Ghasemi, N., Moradi, B., & Rahimi, M. (2013). Removal of Methylene Blue from Wastewater by Adsorption onto ZnCl2 Activated Corn Husk Carbon Equilibrium Studies. Journal of Chemistry<\/em>, 2013<\/em>(1), 383985. https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2013\/383985<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zhang, J., Jiang, C., Figueir\u00f3 Longo, J. P., Azevedo, R. B., Zhang, H., & Muehlmann, L. A. (2018). An updated overview on the development of new photosensitizers for anticancer photodynamic therapy. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B<\/em>, 8<\/em>(2), 137\u2013146. https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apsb.2017.09.003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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1Juana Su\u00e1rez-Garc\u00eda, 2Mario Valle-S\u00e1nchez, 3Erick Cuevas-Ya\u00f1ez Los colorantes son especies qu\u00edmicas que dan color a las cosas, pero\u2026 \u00bfC\u00f3mo lo […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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